Completion of all sections of the survey was not compulsory. Blinding of respondents to the fact that BMI was the main variable of interest was necessary for the case study section of the survey because

it aimed to measure implicit (more hidden/subtle) stigma. To ensure blinding, information given to participants before the study mentioned only attitudes generally, not weight. The case studies were presented before the Anti-Fat Attitudes questionnaire with no option to review retrospectively. Furthermore, the case studies presented a number of patient characteristics including weight, so that the participants were unaware of the variable BIBF 1120 concentration of interest. Blinding was confirmed in the pilot study. Explicit weight stigma was measured by the total score of the Anti-Fat Attitudes questionnaire, as well as the score on each of the three subscales: Dislike, Fear and Willpower. The Anti-Fat Selleckchem Panobinostat Attitudes questionnaire was chosen for its psychometric rigor,30 its use in other studies investigating health professionals,31, 32 and 33 and the suitability of the questions. The Dislike subscale measures aversion towards overweight people, the Fear subscale measures fear of one’s own body weight increasing, and the Willpower subscale measures the level of personal control ascribed to body weight. Cronbach’s alphas

were: Dislike (0.81), Fear (0.78) and Willpower (0.73). The Anti-Fat Attitudes questionnaire has 13 questions scored on a Likert-type scale from 0 to 8, with

any score greater than zero indicating weight stigma. Wording was adapted slightly without altering meaning to make the questions suitable for professional Australian participants. For example, ‘If I were an employer looking to hire, I might avoid hiring a fat person’ was changed to ‘If I were an employer, I might avoid hiring an overweight person’. All Anti-Fat Attitudes questionnaire items are presented in Appendix 1 (see the eAddenda). Implicit weight stigma was measured using participants’ responses to three case studies, which are presented in Appendix 1 (see the eAddenda). Comparisons were made between cases, which were identical apart from BMI below category (normal or overweight/obese), and free-text responses were analysed thematically. Case studies were chosen because they have clinical relevance and can investigate implicit attitudes. Other measures such as implicit attitudes tests are available, but their ability to predict behaviours is contested.34 The case studies were designed to be typical presentations of various physiotherapy patients from a number of clinical areas, so that most physiotherapists would feel qualified to comment on them and no one clinical discipline was given preference. The clinical cases were designed by a physiotherapist with 18 years of clinical experience (the primary author). Feedback from the pilot study confirmed similarity of the cases to real physiotherapy patients.