The intervention was administered by two research assistants Res

The intervention was administered by two research assistants. Researchers were also blinded to the group assignments of the participants throughout the measurements and intervention period. Three investigators conducted all the measurements and a further

two researchers performed the statistical analysis. The study flow diagram is outlined in Figure 1. Participants were recruited from a public nursing home for older people with low socioeconomic resources in Spain. Residents were without severe cognitive or physical impairments (ie, they were able to walk and transfer independently). The nursing home provides food and accommodation, social attention (eg, recreational opportunities or hairdressing in the centre), and basic primary care monitoring Navitoclax cell line (eg, monitoring of patients’ blood pressure and medication use). The nursing home has 158 residents. The physiotherapy management usually Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor provided

to residents includes general physical activity classes and management of specific orthopaedic, neurological or respiratory problems, but balance training is not routinely provided. The inclusion criteria for the study were: age of 65 years or over, residence in a nursing home, fear of falling, with a score > 23 for the 16 item Falls Efficacy Scale International questionnaire (Delbaere et al 2010), legal capacity to give informed consent, and ability to understand instructions. The exclusion criteria were: artificial prosthesis, participation in any physical therapies other than those routinely provided in the nursing home, any symptom that a medical examiner deemed as warranting exclusion, any disease that contraindicated the exercise program or required special care (eg, coronary artery disease, thrombosis, moderate or severe bone, lung or renal diseases), and any disease requiring the daily intake of psychotropic drugs or affecting the vestibular system, in order to avoid any influence

on balance measures. During the training period, participants in both groups received the standardised multidisciplinary care (such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and nursing) available in public nursing homes in Spain. Participants in the experimental group received an additional exercise program involving Adenylyl cyclase exercises focusing on balancing/rebalancing and weight changes training with the Biodex Balance System for two sessions per week for 12 weeks. The training protocol is detailed in Table 1 and Box 1. The average time per session was 15 minutes, divided into a 5-minute warm-up, 3–4 minutes of exercise (variable time because some participants took longer than others in Exercise 3) and 5 minutes and 20 seconds of rest. After the warm-up, Exercise 1 was performed (with 10 seconds of rest between each series as shown in Table 1), followed by Exercises 2 and 3, with two minutes of rest between exercises.

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