The risk:benefit ratio will be the key question with regard to the ethic aspect of the challenge. Genetic polymorphism Genetic polymorphism is one factor that may influence the response of the brain to injury and disease. BDNF has a critical role in activity-dependent modulation of synaptic plasticity in human motor cortex.85-89 A common single nucleotide polymorphism (BDNFval66met), which results in reduced Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical secretion of BDNF, reduces the activity-related cortical plasticity in response to motor training in healthy individuals and is associated with greater error and poorer retention in short-term motor learning. In a cohort of 722 elderly individuals,

the presence Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of the polymorphism was associated with significantly reduced cognitive performance on processing speed, delayed recall, and general intelligence. It has also been proposed to be a predictor of poor outcome among survivors

of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. There are likely to be other genetic differences that can influence outcome. This remains an open field. Conclusion Brain plasticity is an intrinsic characteristic Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of the nervous system that allows continuous remodeling of brain Integrase inhibitor functions upon pathophysiological conditions. Although normal aging is associated with morphological modifications and decline of cerebral functions, brain plasticity is preserved in elderly individuals. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical A growing body of evidence supports the notion that cognitive enrichment and aerobic training induce a dynamic reorganization of higher cerebral functions, thereby helping maintain operational skills in the elderly and reducing the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. The stroke model clearly shows that spontaneous brain plasticity exists after a lesion even in old patients, and that it can be modulated through external factors like rehabilitation and drugs. Whether drugs can be used with the aim of modulating the effects of physical training Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical or cognitive stimulation in healthy aged people

has not been addressed until now. The risk:benefit ratio will be the key question with regard to the ethical aspects of the challenge.
Aging of the brain is a very complex biological process associated with declines in sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. However, aging is not Bay 11-7085 a disease. Aging is a normal physiological process that can develop without the appearance of concurrent diseases. When this occurs, the process is referred as “successful aging.”1 Nonetheless, with advanced age, the possibility of individuals suffering from dementia, as a consequence of that physiological process of aging, has been postulated. In fact, it has been suggested that around 120 years of age, without concomitant diseases, the population of neocortical synapses could decline to the level found in Alzheimer’s disease, with a loss of intracerebral connectivity of around 40%.