(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3569851]“
“Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2-year success rate of management of patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ).

Study design. A prospective study was performed. Positive outcome variables were the resolution of symptoms and the status of the mucosa.

Results. A total of 37 patients are described. The precipitating

event was a dental extraction in 22 cases (59.5%). Thirteen patients (35.1%) underwent selleck chemical surgery, and 24 (64.9%) underwent antimicrobial therapy alone. After 2 years, 20 patients (54.1%) presented with soft tissue closure over previously exposed bone, and there were no statistical differences in gender, age, bisphosphonate treatment, or treatment modalities. Spontaneous lesions seemed to have a worse prognosis (P = .001).

Conclusions. Initial antimicrobial treatment, and later surgery for unresponsive patients, might be a feasible treatment modality for BRONJ. Because these results are not conclusive, it would be very interesting to know if this statement would be the same with a greater number of patients. (Oral Surg Oral Med

Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 110: 46-53)”
“BACKGROUND: Aurora Kinase inhibitor Although heart transplantation has been used as the primary therapy for congenital heart lesions in infants other than hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), the outcomes in this group of patients have not been determined.

METHODS: We used the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study database (1993 to 2006) to compare outcomes of 388 infants aged < 6 months listed for HLHS, 161 with other congenital heart diseases (non-HLHS), and 145 with cardiomyopathy in early (1993 to 1999) and recent (2000 to 2006) eras.

RESULTS: The cardiomyopathy group was significantly (p < 0.001) different from the HLHS and non-HLHS groups at listing: more girls, older age, and a greater need for LY2835219 chemical structure high-dose inotropes, mechanical ventilation, and/or mechanical circulatory support. Survival after listing was similar among the groups in the early era. Although outcomes after listing in HLHS and cardiomyopathy patients

improved in the recent era, outcomes in non-HLHS patients did not. Survival at 1 and 5 years after listing was significantly worse (p < 0.001) for non-HLHS patients (51%, 48%) vs HLHS (71%, 61%), with age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.79 (95% confidence interval, 1.15-2.77, p = 0.009) and CM (80%, 74%; HR, 2.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.59-4.67, p < 0.001) in the recent era. Post-transplant survival in both eras was not significantly different among the groups.

CONCLUSION: Use of heart transplantation as primary therapy for non-HLHS infants has not improved over time and currently is associated with significantly poorer results vs HLHS and cardiomyopathy due to a higher risk for death before transplant.