In this work, the elastic see more properties and structural parameters of cubic single crystals as well as tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral BaTiO3 single domain states are obtained using first-principles calculations under the local density approximation. The calculated lattice constants, bulk modulus, and elastic constants are in good agreement

with experiments for both the cubic paraelectric phase and the low-temperature ferroelectric phases. Spontaneous polarizations for all three ferroelectric phases and the electrostrictive coefficients of cubic BaTiO3 are also computed using the Berry’s phase approach, and the results agree well with existing experimentally measured values. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3462441]“
“To obtain accurate prediction of service performance and service life of polymers and to optimize the processing parameters, a modified online measurement was used to measure the pressure-volume-temperature

(PVT) properties of polymers under certain processing conditions. The measurement was based on an injection molding machine, and it was used to obtain the PVT data of polymers directly with a special testing mold under normal processing conditions. The PVT properties of a semicrystalline polymer, polypropylene, were measured through both an online testing mold and a conventional piston-die dilatometer. click here The PVT properties were correlated by a modified two-domain Tait equation of state. The differences between the two groups of PVT data measured were investigated, and relative differences, especially in the rubbery state because of SIS3 ic50 different cooling or heating measuring modes and sample forms, were observed. Numerical simulations of injection-molding processes were carried out by Moldflow software with both of the types of PVT data. The resulting online PVT data exhibited improvement in the accurate prediction

of shrinkage and warpage. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 118: 200-208, 2010″
“Background: Studies in animals and in vitro suggest that conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), a group of fatty acids found mainly in dairy products and in the meat of ruminants, have protective effects against mammary carcinogenesis. However, findings from epidemiologic studies on CLA intake in relation to breast cancer risk are sparse and inconsistent.

Objective: The objective was to examine prospectively the association between CLA intake and the incidence of invasive breast cancer in the Swedish Mammography Cohort.

Design: In 1987-1990, 61,433 cancer-free women completed a food-frequency questionnaire from which we estimated each woman’s CLA intake.