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“Introduction Teeth and bones are regarded the most mineralized tissues in humans. Several reports suggest association between tooth loss or small number of remaining teeth and reduced bone mineral density (BMD) [1–5]. There is also evidence of the effect of periodontal disease and osteoporosis in the elderly [6–11]. Furthermore, periodontal Navitoclax concentration disease has also been reported an important and common coincidence of systemic bone loss in both women and men [12–16]. It has been shown that the reduction of systemic BMD may be a risk factor for the development of tooth loss and oral health problems [2, 7, 17] suggesting possible cause–effect link, particularly in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis [13, 18, 19]. Some studies also show that dental status impairment related to osteoporosis may

result from a considerable decrease of mandibular bone mass [20, 21], though the contributing factors remain unclear. Possible mechanisms may include tooth loss during ageing as a natural process secondary to the systemic bone loss; however, the age-related progressive dental decline may AMP deaminase also co-exist with deficits in BMD [17, 21]. These associations are well recognized among the elderly but there are still limited data on such associations in younger age. Accelerated tooth wear appears one of the conditions affecting enamel, independently of age, so that it may occur in younger otherwise healthy people. It is well known that tooth enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body. Although enamel does not have the typical find more structure of human bone, its chemical composition is similar. Hydroxyapatite and magnesium phosphate are building minerals essential for bone structure, quality, and resistance whereas some trace elements (i.e.